6

In this chapter we study corruption risks in EU defense procurement. In nearly all countries our corruption risk indicator is higher for military contracts than for contracts in general.

In this chapter we argue that the Covid-19 crisis has highlighted shortcomings in procurement data reporting such as the lack of detailed information on products or their demand and subsequent utilization.

In this chapter we explore different sources of sovereign debt crises as opportunistic and myopic behavior by debtor nations, over-consumption of imported goods, credit temptation by lenders eager to allocate savings surpluses, and unexpected consequences of initially seen appropriate policies.